A collection of cellular processes that detect and correct damage to DNA molecules, essential for maintaining genomic integrity and preventing disease.
DNA repair encompasses a suite of molecular mechanisms that cells employ to identify and correct damage to their genomic DNA, which sustains an estimated 10,000-100,000 lesions per cell per day from endogenous and exogenous sources. Major repair pathways include base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination (HR), and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). NAD+ plays a critical role in DNA repair as the required substrate for PARP-1 (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1), a key enzyme that detects and initiates repair of single-strand DNA breaks. The age-related decline in NAD+ levels compromises PARP activity and DNA repair capacity, contributing to genomic instability and cellular senescence. This connection between NAD+ depletion and impaired DNA repair is a central focus of anti-aging research.
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, an essential coenzyme in every living cell that drives energy metabolism, DNA repair, and sirtuin-mediated longevity pathways.
An imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant defences, leading to cellular and molecular damage associated with aging and disease.
The irreversible state of cell cycle arrest in which cells remain metabolically active but stop dividing, contributing to tissue aging and chronic inflammation.
A family of seven NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases (SIRT1-7) that regulate gene expression, DNA repair, metabolism, and aging processes.
The physiological process of forming new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature, essential for wound healing, tissue repair, and nutrient delivery.
A cellular self-cleaning process that degrades and recycles damaged organelles, misfolded proteins, and pathogens, crucial for longevity and cellular health.
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ENCYCLOPEDIAGastric Pentadecapeptide. Molecular weight: 1419.53 Da. Explore mechanism of action, key studies, and research applications.
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